As part of our “Health at Home” initiative, today we will discuss the differences between migraine and cervicogenic headache.

Have you ever had an intense headache that seemed like it would never go away? More than half of the adult population suffers from frequent headaches. But did you know that there are many kinds of headaches? There are several hundred types of headaches, divided into two broad categories: primary headaches and secondary headaches. That simplifies things a lot, doesn't it? We will explore the differences between migraine, which belongs to the first category, and the common headache of cervicogenic origin, which belongs to the second. We will place special emphasis on cervicogenic headache, a type of headache that is often misunderstood but treatable. Whether headaches are a regular part of your life or you are simply curious to learn more, this guide will help you better understand what is happening and how to find relief.

How is migraine different from a common headache?

To understand cervicogenic headache, we first need to distinguish between migraine and the common headache.

Migraine is a neurological condition that shows up as severe, throbbing pain, often accompanied by:

  • Sensitivity to light and loud sounds: people with migraine often find bright light and loud sounds unbearable.
  • Vomiting: this is a common symptom that accompanies the headache.
  • Visual phenomena such as flashes of light, zigzag lines or blind spots in the field of vision.
  • Very intense, one-sided pain: the pain is usually concentrated on only the left or the right side of the head.

Common headache (tension-type headache)

The common headache is much more frequent and presents differently from migraine:

  • The pain is steady and does not throb.
  • Patients often describe a feeling of a tight band around the head.
  • The pain is less severe than migraine.
  • Unlike migraine, the pain is not limited to one side but affects the whole head.

Causes and symptoms of cervicogenic headache

The main causes of this type of headache include:

  • Sitting for long periods at a desk or in front of a screen with poor posture can lead to headaches.
  • Neck injuries can trigger cervicogenic headache.
  • Inflammation of the cervical joints can cause headaches.
  • Damaged, bulging or herniated discs in the cervical spine can lead to headaches.
  • Persistent inflammation in the neck area can contribute to the pain.

Symptoms of this type of headache include:

  • The pain usually appears on the same side of the head and neck.
  • Patients often experience stiffness and limited neck movement.
  • Certain neck movements can make the pain worse.
  • Cervicogenic headache can sometimes be associated with vertigo or vision problems.
  • A band-like sensation around the head.
  • No nausea or sensitivity to light and loud sounds.

An accurate diagnosis is the guarantee of correct and effective treatment, and today we have access to excellent neurological diagnostic methods. The neurologist performs:

  • An assessment of overall physical health from a neurological point of view and of the specific symptoms.
  • An assessment of how the cervical joints and muscles function: to evaluate mobility limitations and the source of the pain.
  • A referral for advanced imaging: MRI or CT for differential diagnosis from other conditions.
  • An assessment of segmental and overall posture: to identify possible postural causes.

Following the specialist's investigations and recommendations, a physiotherapist can carry out their own measurements and assessments of the patient, bringing the perspective of a specialist in biomechanics and movement.

Current and future treatments for cervicogenic headache

After an accurate diagnosis, cervicogenic headache can be treated efficiently and effectively through:

  • Personalized exercises specially designed to strengthen the muscles of the neck and shoulder girdle.
  • Specific movements to increase the mobility of the cervical spine and reduce pain.
  • Posture correction: ergonomic adjustments and exercises to improve posture and reduce tension.

Alternative therapies

  • Acupuncture, which can help reduce muscle tension and pain.
  • Therapeutic massage to relax tense muscles.
  • Shockwave therapy: a therapeutic technique that can stimulate tissue healing.

Stress management

  • Relaxation and mindfulness techniques: meditation and deep breathing to reduce stress.
  • Adapted yoga: yoga exercises specially designed for neck problems.

Medication

  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: to reduce acute pain.
  • Muscle relaxants: used in more severe cases.
  • Local steroid injections: in more severe cases that do not respond to other treatments.

Tips for preventing cervicogenic headache:

Prevention is better than treatment and always easier to bear. Here are some practical tips to build into your daily activities:

Monitor and correct your body position:

  • Ergonomic chairs: use a chair suited to your workspace.
  • Monitor adjustment: the monitor should be at eye level so that your neck posture stays natural and optimal.
  • Regular breaks: move and stretch every hour.

Daily exercises

  • Gentle neck rotations: to maintain mobility.
  • Stretching: stretches for the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles.
  • Deep muscle strengthening: exercises for the deep neck muscles.

Relaxation techniques

  • Meditation: 10 minutes of meditation or deep breathing every day.
  • Yoga and tai chi: for flexibility and balance.
  • Jacobson and Schultz relaxation techniques

Pay attention to how long and how well you sleep

  • The right pillow: use a pillow that properly supports your neck.
  • Sleep routine: keep a consistent sleep schedule.

Stay well hydrated by drinking enough water, 2 liters a day, and cut down on coffee and alcoholic drinks

Positive results in treating cervicogenic headache

Maria, 35, software developer

After months of constant headaches, Maria was diagnosed with cervicogenic headache. She started an intensive program of daily exercises to strengthen her neck muscles, using online physiotherapy platforms. In just six weeks, the frequency of her headaches dropped by 70%.

Alexandru, 52, teacher

Alexandru, who suffered from chronic headaches, discovered that poor posture at his teaching desk was the main cause. After making ergonomic adjustments at work and following a personalized online physiotherapy program, the intensity of his headaches decreased significantly.

Conclusion

Understanding the differences between migraine, the common headache and cervicogenic headache is crucial for finding effective treatment. In 2024, we have a wide range of therapeutic options and preventive measures that can significantly improve the lives of those affected.

Keep in mind that every person is different, and finding the right treatment can take time and patience. See a specialist and explore different options until you find the solution that is right for you.

With perseverance, understanding and proper care, you can reduce the frequency and intensity of your headaches and regain the joy of a pain-free life. Your health deserves your full attention!

Your steps toward a life without headaches

Are you ready to take the first step toward a life without headaches? Our specialized physiotherapy program “STOP HEADACHES” is designed to specifically address cervicogenic headaches and other types of headache.

What the “STOP HEADACHES: The complete solution for getting rid of headaches” program offers:

  • Personalized assessment: a detailed analysis of posture and of the biomechanics of the cervical spine and the temporomandibular joint.
  • Exercise plan: an exercise program tailored to your specific needs.
  • Guided sessions: physiotherapy sessions with experts.
  • Relaxation techniques: techniques for stress management and relaxation.
  • Ongoing monitoring: constant supervision and adjustments to the treatment plan.

Don't let pain control your life!

Sign up now for the “STOP HEADACHES” program and take the first step toward a life without headaches by clicking the link below

for telemedicine consultations and functional assessment!

Medisport4Home

Let's stay healthy and fit, whatever challenges we face!

Warm regards,

Dr. PT Daniela Schor, physiotherapy expert

Co-founder of Medisport